The aim of this paper is to consider whether critical rationalism has any ideas which could usefully be applied to the INTERNET.  Today we tend to take the INTERNET for granted and it is easy to forget that it was only about two decades ago that it began to be used to any significant extent. Accordingly in section 1 of the paper, there is a brief consideration of the history of the INTERNET.  At first sight this makes it looks implausible that any of Popper’s ideas could be applicable to the INTERNET, since Popper died before the INTERNET came into general use.  However, section 2 argues that Popper’s theory of World 3 does apply very well to the INTERNET.  This application is significant because, as shown in section 3, it leads to the problem of misinformation, which is one of the most significant problems generated by the INTERNET.  In section 4 there is an attempt to solve this problem using ideas taken from Popper’s epistemology. It is argued that there should be changes in education designed to prepare students for the INTERNET age. Teaching in the INTERNET age should focus on presenting to the students not just the accepted theories but also the evidence on which they are based. An illustration of how this might be done is given by considering an example from science teaching, namely the teaching of Newtonian mechanics in the last years of school or first years of university.

The INTERNET, due to its global scope, easy access, cheapness and possibility in global communication, is the endless world, and has important role in developing and/or destructing countries. If it is used to make peace, economic security and positive communication, then it will be considered as proper technology for the countries; however, if it is used to violate privacy, intellectual ownership rights, insult, defamation and software malfunctions, it will affect inversely. Toutilize this new world, it is necessary to create an integrated system including controlled rules with related needs. In this paper, the accepted models of legal society are studied as a system to legitimate the INTERNET in Iran, UK and USA. In this regard, international LAW has high exclusive capability to legitimate this space. These studies lead us toward a proper legal system with legitimated INTERNET.

The inevitable conflict between two principles, territoriality of intellectual property LAW and INTERNET being placeless at the stage of enforcement, has affected the determination of the applicable LAW on an action claimed to be infringing; especially in copyright for which registration is not a requirement. This situation has caused the principle of territoriality to become weak in determining the applicable LAW. On the other hand, international and regional conventions, which discuss determining the applicable LAW, regard traditional infringement in a physical context; thus rely on the principle of territoriality. As a result, considering the uncertainty regarding territoriality, this principle cannot be applied in copyright infringement cases in the placeless environment of INTERNET. So most countries are obliged to recourse toward general principles in order to determine the applicable LAW. Since there is no single procedure (approach) among countries of the world, and most definitely implementation of individual solution cannot help resolving the issue, it is clear that the LAWs must become unified, in order to preserve the benefits of parties of a LAWsuit. Therefore, this paper is put together in order to pave the path from an incoherent jurisdiction to an international and comprehensive copyright protection.

The variety of issues posed by the INTERNET today cannot be easily neglected by jurists and politicians. These are problems that the international community has no other way but to find appropriate solutions to. The first and most important issue faced in relation to the INTERNET, is the problem of INTERNET Governance. The INTERNET is currently managed by the ICANN, an American company and the US is very much inclined to retain the existing situation. This paper is thus an attempt to first provide an analysis of INTERNET Governance by ICANN and later to reveal whether International LAW places any international responsibility on the US Government for activities undertaken by ICANN? In other words, whether the US Government must be accountable for activities undertaken by ICANN in the area of INTERNET Governance? The question will be responded to by means of a thorough investigation of relevant international documents on managing the World Wide Web; these would include documents released by the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).

Linking to other websites content on the INTERNET is a common practice which makes it easy for users to access their desired material. Two issues are raised as to linking. First, freedom of linking principle which has been justified by free nature of worldwide web and implicit authorization to link to all pages of a website by mere unconditioned presence on the web. The main reason raised by opponents is elimination of advertising profits of the front page of the linked website in certain types of linking. Another important issue is the probability of infringing the linked website owner’ s copyright. Hence the need to analyze possible types of infringement i. e. direct and indirect infringement and material and moral rights exposed to infringement by linking. This article, through descriptive-analytical method, has studied the concept and different types and freedom or prohibition of linking and the relation between linking and copyright from the perspective of Imamia Jurisprudence and LAW and concluded that all links are not necessarily infringing and the advertising incomes of websites may be acquired through advertisements on deep pages and linking may be restricted through technological means.

INTERNET Multi-stakeholder governance is the latest achievement of the legal doctrine on how to regulate the rules governing the INTERNET (as a clear indication of the cyberspace). After the first World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) which was held in 2003, and faced with the acceptance of governments and other stakeholders in the cyber space, it draw serious attention and became operational. In fact, the promoters of this form of global governance are striving using the common concepts and rules of international LAW to organize the field which unlike the classic international LAW its only active actors are not the governments, and to some extent, international organizations and this time, other stakeholders such as social groups (individuals) and companies have a major role and influence. This paper uses an analytical-descriptive method to study the role and effectiveness of each stakeholders in the future of INTERNET governance and the context, implications of applicable international LAW in this area, such as soft LAW, related international organizations and, finally, its existing problems and disadvantages.

Recent smart city strategies are directly or indirectly related to INTERNET of Things (IoT) applications. Administrative and constitutional norms can impose motivations to introduce applications of the IoT in the public administration. The results of this paper introduce the IoT design necessities for a closer exchange between citizens and the state, namely ensuring the legal conformity of automated administrative procedures and not existing any margin of appreciation. Processing personal data in IoT applications requires that public and private institutions comply with the principles of data protection LAWs, namely the principle of privacy of personally identifiable information and the principle of necessity and purpose limitation. Moreover, the results show the potential of the IoT to change administration and administrative LAW i. e., transition of roles for humans and the public administration, opportunity creation of cooperative legislator, construction information symmetries and equity, changes in administrative procedures and structures, and redirection of human resources where they are really needed. Achieving these advantages requires a legal system that can take into account the necessary rules during the implementation of an IoT application. Germany's regulatory experience in this regard can be taken into consideration by Iranian legislators.

Competition LAW is a critical tool for managing and regulating markets to increase efficiency, welfare and economic freedom.Since it is desirable to improve the efficiency and well-being of consumers in any market, competition rules can be applied in all markets unless a particular market is excluded from the scope of these rules for a valid reason. Since the issues related to competition LAW and domain names in the Iranian legal system and their various legal dimensions are unknown, this paper explores how to enforce competition rules in the domain names market. The paper analyses since providing the domain name is an economic activity, the companies supplying this product and related services, i.e. ICANN and all registries and registrars, are considered enterprises and subject to competition regulations. Moreover, exempting this market from the application of competition regulations has no economic justification and logic.Also, committing some anticompetitive practices by firms operating in the domain name market is probable and conceivable. It suggests that as the sole authority to review anticompetitive practices in Iranian LAW, the Competition Council, may apply one or more of the sanctions of Article 61 of the Act of the execution of the General Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution (2007) to the infringing undertakings in the domain name market.This article provides an overview of competition LAW enforcement in the domain name market, using an analytical-descriptive method.